Descent 1 full version download

The array returned by. Either index may be negative in which case it counts backwards from the end of the array , or omitted in which case it refers to the start or end of the array. If you use the. If two filters are separated by a comma, then the same input will be fed into both and the two filters' output value streams will be concatenated in order: first, all of the outputs produced by the left expression, and then all of the outputs produced by the right.

For instance, filter. The operator combines two filters by feeding the output s of the one on the left into the input of the one on the right. It's pretty much the same as the Unix shell's pipe, if you're used to that.

If the one on the left produces multiple results, the one on the right will be run for each of those results. So, the expression. Note too that. Booleans, null, strings and numbers are written the same way as in javascript. Just like everything else in jq, these simple values take an input and produce an output - 42 is a valid jq expression that takes an input, ignores it, and returns 42 instead.

As in JSON, [] is used to construct arrays, as in [1,2,3]. The elements of the arrays can be any jq expression, including a pipeline. All of the results produced by all of the expressions are collected into one big array. You can use it to construct an array out of a known quantity of values as in [. Once you understand the "," operator, you can look at jq's array syntax in a different light: the expression [1,2,3] is not using a built-in syntax for comma-separated arrays, but is instead applying the [] operator collect results to the expression 1,2,3 which produces three different results.

If you have a filter X that produces four results, then the expression [X] will produce a single result, an array of four elements. Variable references as key expressions use the value of the variable as the key. Key expressions other than constant literals, identifiers, or variable references, need to be parenthesized, e. You can use this to select particular fields of an object: if the input is an object with "user", "title", "id", and "content" fields and you just want "user" and "title", you can write.

If one of the expressions produces multiple results, multiple dictionaries will be produced. If the input's. Putting parentheses around the key means it will be evaluated as an expression. With the same input as above,. Variable references as keys use the value of the variable as the key. Without a value then the variable's name becomes the key and its value becomes the value,. Recursively descends. This is the same as the zero-argument recurse builtin see below.

Note that.. In the example below we use.. This is particularly useful in conjunction with path EXP also see below and the? However, jq never does implicit type conversions. If you try to add a string to an object you'll get an error message and no result.

What "adding" means depends on the types involved:. Objects are added by merging, that is, inserting all the key-value pairs from both objects into a single combined object. As well as normal arithmetic subtraction on numbers, the - operator can be used on arrays to remove all occurrences of the second array's elements from the first array. These infix operators behave as expected when given two numbers.

Division by zero raises an error. Multiplying a string by a number produces the concatenation of that string that many times. Multiplying two objects will merge them recursively: this works like addition but if both objects contain a value for the same key, and the values are objects, the two are merged with the same strategy. The builtin function utf8bytelength outputs the number of bytes used to encode a string in UTF The keys are sorted "alphabetically", by unicode codepoint order.

This is not an order that makes particular sense in any particular language, but you can count on it being the same for any two objects with the same set of keys, regardless of locale settings. When keys is given an array, it returns the valid indices for that array: the integers from 0 to length The builtin function has returns whether the input object has the given key, or the input array has an element at the given index.

The builtin function in returns whether or not the input key is in the given object, or the input index corresponds to an element in the given array. It is, essentially, an inversed version of has. For any filter x , map x will run that filter for each element of the input array, and return the outputs in a new array. In fact, this is how it's defined. Outputs array representations of the given path expression in. Path expressions are jq expressions like. There are two types of path expressions: ones that can match exactly, and ones that cannot.

For example,. Note that the path expressions are not different from normal expressions. The expression path.. The builtin function getpath outputs the values in. PATHS must be an array of paths, where each path is an array of strings and numbers. These functions convert between an object and an array of key-value pairs. The function select foo produces its input unchanged if foo returns true for that input, and produces no output otherwise.

It's useful for filtering lists: [1,2,3] map select. These built-ins select only inputs that are arrays, objects, iterables arrays or objects , booleans, numbers, normal numbers, finite numbers, strings, null, non-null values, and non-iterables, respectively. Produces an error, just like. Stops the jq program with no further outputs. The input will be printed on stderr as raw output i.

That is, paths numbers outputs the paths to all numeric values. The filter add takes as input an array, and produces as output the elements of the array added together. The filter any takes as input an array of boolean values, and produces true as output if any of the elements of the array are true.

The any condition form applies the given condition to the elements of the input array. The any generator; condition form applies the given condition to all the outputs of the given generator. The filter all takes as input an array of boolean values, and produces true as output if all of the elements of the array are true. The all condition form applies the given condition to the elements of the input array. The all generator; condition form applies the given condition to all the outputs of the given generator.

The filter flatten takes as input an array of nested arrays, and produces a flat array in which all arrays inside the original array have been recursively replaced by their values. You can pass an argument to it to specify how many levels of nesting to flatten. The range function produces a range of numbers. The numbers are produced as separate outputs.

Use [range 4;10 ] to get a range as an array. The two argument form generates numbers from from to upto with an increment of 1. The three argument form generates numbers from to upto with an increment of by. The tonumber function parses its input as a number. It will convert correctly-formatted strings to their numeric equivalent, leave numbers alone, and give an error on all other input.

The tostring function prints its input as a string. Strings are left unchanged, and all other values are JSON-encoded. The type function returns the type of its argument as a string, which is one of null, boolean, number, string, array or object. Some arithmetic operations can yield infinities and "not a number" NaN values. The isinfinite builtin returns true if its input is infinite. The isnan builtin returns true if its input is a NaN. The infinite builtin returns a positive infinite value.

The nan builtin returns a NaN. The isnormal builtin returns true if its input is a normal number. Currently most arithmetic operations operating on infinities, NaNs, and sub-normals do not raise errors. The sort functions sorts its input, which must be an array. Values are sorted in the following order:. The ordering for objects is a little complex: first they're compared by comparing their sets of keys as arrays in sorted order , and if their keys are equal then the values are compared key by key.

Any jq expression, not just a field access, may be used in place of. The sorting order is the same as described in the sort function above. The unique function takes as input an array and produces an array of the same elements, in sorted order, with duplicates removed. Think of it as making an array by taking one element out of every group produced by group. The filter contains b will produce true if b is completely contained within the input.

A string B is contained in a string A if B is a substring of A. An array B is contained in an array A if all elements in B are contained in any element in A. An object B is contained in object A if all of the values in B are contained in the value in A with the same key. All other types are assumed to be contained in each other if they are equal. Outputs an array containing the indices in. The input may be an array, in which case if s is an array then the indices output will be those where all elements in.

Outputs the index of the first index or last rindex occurrence of s in the input. The filter inside b will produce true if the input is completely contained within b. It is, essentially, an inversed version of contains.

Outputs all combinations of the elements of the arrays in the input array. If given an argument n , it outputs all combinations of n repetitions of the input array. Joins the array of elements given as input, using the argument as separator.

It is the inverse of split : that is, running split "foo" join "foo" over any input string returns said input string. Numbers and booleans in the input are converted to strings.

Null values are treated as empty strings. Arrays and objects in the input are not supported. Emit a copy of the input string with its alphabetic characters a-z and A-Z converted to the specified case. The while cond; update function allows you to repeatedly apply an update to. Note that while cond; update is internally defined as a recursive jq function.

Recursive calls within while will not consume additional memory if update produces at most one output for each input. See advanced topics below. The until cond; next function allows you to repeatedly apply the expression next , initially to. For example, this can be used to implement a factorial function see below.

Note that until cond; next is internally defined as a recursive jq function. Recursive calls within until will not consume additional memory if next produces at most one output for each input. The recurse f function allows you to search through a recursive structure, and extract interesting data from all levels. Suppose your input represents a filesystem:. Now suppose you want to extract all of the filenames present. You need to retrieve. You can do this with:. When called without an argument, recurse is equivalent to recurse.

For example, to generate all the integers, at least in principle, one could write recurse. This alias is considered deprecated and will be removed in the next major release. The recursive calls in recurse will not consume additional memory whenever f produces at most a single output for each input.

The walk f function applies f recursively to every component of the input entity. When an array is encountered, f is first applied to its elements and then to the array itself; when an object is encountered, f is first applied to all the values and then to the object. In practice, f will usually test the type of its input, as illustrated in the following examples.

The first example highlights the usefulness of processing the elements of an array of arrays before processing the array itself. The second example shows how all the keys of all the objects within the input can be considered for alteration. Transpose a possibly jagged matrix an array of arrays. Rows are padded with nulls so the result is always rectangular. If the input is sorted and contains x, then bsearch x will return its index in the array; otherwise, if the array is sorted, it will return -1 - ix where ix is an insertion point such that the array would still be sorted after the insertion of x at ix.

If the array is not sorted, bsearch x will return an integer that is probably of no interest. Inside a string, you can put an expression inside parens after a backslash. Whatever the expression returns will be interpolated into the string. The tojson builtin differs from tostring in that tostring returns strings unmodified, while tojson encodes strings as JSON strings.

The input must be an array, and it is rendered as CSV with double quotes for strings, and quotes escaped by repetition. The input must be an array, and it is rendered as TSV tab-separated values. Each input array will be printed as a single line. Fields are separated by a single tab ascii 0x If the input is an array, the output will be a series of space-separated strings.

In fact, even a hybrid computation containing both qubit and CV quantum nodes is possible; see the hybrid computation example for more details. For all devices, device accepts the following arguments:. Now that we have initialized our device, we can begin to construct a quantum node or QNode. QNodes are an abstract encapsulation of a quantum function, described by a quantum circuit. QNodes are bound to a particular quantum device, which is used to evaluate expectation and variance values of this circuit.

QNodes can be constructed via the QNode class, or by using the provided qnode decorator. This is a simple circuit, matching the one described above. Notice that the function circuit is constructed as if it were any other Python function; it accepts a positional argument params , which may be a list, tuple, or array, and uses the individual elements for gate parameters.

However, quantum functions are a restricted subset of Python functions. For a Python function to also be a valid quantum function, there are some important restrictions:. Quantum functions must contain quantum operations, one operation per line, in the order in which they are to be applied. In addition, we must always specify the subsystem the operation applies to, by passing the wires argument; this may be a list or an integer, depending on how many wires the operation acts on.

For a full list of quantum operations, see the documentation. Quantum functions must return either a single or a tuple of measured observables. As a result, the quantum function always returns a classical quantity, allowing the QNode to interface with other classical functions and also other QNodes. For a full list of observables, see the documentation. The documentation also provides details on supported measurement return types.

Once we have written the quantum function, we convert it into a QNode running on device dev1 by applying the qnode decorator. Thus, our circuit quantum function is now a QNode , which will run on device dev1 every time it is evaluated. The gradient of the function circuit , encapsulated within the QNode , can be evaluated by utilizing the same quantum device dev1 that we used to evaluate the function itself.

Notify me of follow-up comments by email. Notify me of new posts by email. Table of Contents. About the author. Best to Buy laptop under in India Download free Internet latest download manager IDM 6.

Leave a Reply Cancel reply Your email address will not be published. Contact About.